by
Gabriel
Panait M.D. As
far as sports medicine is concerned, the evaluation of the physical
development and of the nutrition condition are of primary importance
for:
-
the diagnosis of the health condition;
-
the selection for the various sports branches;
-
the guiding of the sports training.
Physical
development is the second component of the biological process of
growth and development of the human body:
-
growth
is “the process
of quantitative
accumulation of
tissues, organs and systems with the increase of the somatic mass, of
the segmentary and global dimensions…’
physical
development is the
proportioning process,
which
triggers new connections between segments and parts: it includes
diversifying, perfecting and specializing; in essence, physical
development represents the sum of several relationships, their level at
a given point or during a period.
The
stages of physical development correspond to the stages of the
life’s
cycle: childhood, adolescence, maturity and senescence.
The
harmonious physical development represents one of the main goals of
physical education alongside the prevention and correction of
physical deficiencies.
In
sports physical development is important for selection. –
there are
sports which require a harmonious physical development, while others
require a particular physical development.
There are also sports
which do not attach great importance to physical development
–
except for the maintenance of good health – but they evaluate
the
effect of the physical exertion on the body too, becoming thus an
indicator of the training process.
The
evaluation of the physical development is carried out on the
following basis:
- the
medical anamnesis;
- the
somatoscopic observation
– global and
segmentary;
- the
somatometric examination
– measurement and
calculation of several indicators
- the
nutritional condition
evaluation
The
assessment of the physical development is carried out through:
- general
qualifications (good,
satisfactory…);
- specific
qualifications (units of
measurement,
indicators
etc.)
The
harmony of physical development is evaluated by means of the level
and the value of the relationships between the antropofiziometric
characters and proportioning indicators. The evaluation system of the
physical development’s harmony is the outcome of a concept
which
depends on the epoch, the level of knowledge, the author, the field
of activity etc.
Nowadays
a physical development ‘close’ to the optimum
morphotype
(somatotype) for a sport, has become an almost sine qua non
for
achieving sport
performance.
